Properties of the free-burning arc model: 2D axisymmetric computational domain, La-W cathode with a length of 20 mm, a radius of 2 mm, and a truncated 60° conical tip (a plateau radius of 0.2 mm), water-cooled copper anode with a radius of 33 mm and a thickness of 7 mm, distance between the cathode tip and the anode is 8 mm, direct current of 100 A.